bloopcommitsgoogle.com sirf ek naam hai. Internet pe asli pata ek number hota hai, jise IP address kehte hain. Is guide mein IP address, domain name, DNS, IPv4 aur IPv6 ko seedhi bhaasha mein samjhaya hai, aur end mein ek command hai jisse tum khud dekh sakte ho.
Flat number wali baat
Socho, delivery wale bhaiya ko "Sharma ji ka ghar" nahi, flat number chahiye, jaise B 204. Naam se ghar nahi milta, number se milta hai. Internet pe bhi yahi hota hai: internet se jude har computer ka ek number hota hai.
| Asli duniya | Internet |
|---|---|
| Flat number (B 204) | IP address |
| Phonebook mein contact ka naam | Domain name (google.com) |
| Phonebook jo naam se number batati hai | DNS |
| Delivery wala | Tumhara browser |
Cheat sheet
| Shabd | Seedhi bhaasha mein |
|---|---|
| IP address | Internet ka flat number. Network se judte hi computer ko milta hai. |
| Domain name | Insaanon ke liye aasaan naam, jo IP address ke upar lagta hai. |
| DNS | Naam se number dhoondhne wala system. |
| IPv4 | Chaar hisson wala number, 32 bits ka. |
| IPv6 | 128 bits ka lamba number, letters aur colon ke saath. |
| ping | Ek command jisse kisi website ka number khud dekh sakte ho. |
Domain name kyun bana
- IP addresses yaad rakhna mushkil hai.
- IP address samay ke saath badal bhi sakta hai.
- Isliye domain name bana: naam tum yaad rakho, number computer.
Jab tum google.com likhte ho, tab kya hota hai
- Tum browser mein naam likhte ho.
- Browser pehle apne computer se poochta hai ki kya use is naam ka IP address pehle se pata hai.
- Agar nahi pata, to wo DNS server se poochta hai. DNS server ka kaam hi yahi batana hai ki kis naam ka kaunsa IP address hai.
- Number milte hi browser seedha us server tak pahunch jaata hai aur page maangta hai.
IPv4 aur IPv6
| IPv4 | IPv6 | |
|---|---|---|
| Size | 32 bits | 128 bits |
| Dikhta kaisa hai | Chaar hisse, beech mein dot | Lamba number, letters aur colon ke saath |
| Example (MDN ka) | 192.0.2.172 | 2001:db8:8b73:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:1337 |
IPv4 ke address field ki ek limit hai, isliye numbers kam padne lage. IPv6 mein address ka size 32 bits se badhkar 128 bits ho gaya, jisse bahut zyada address mil sakte hain. Dheere dheere IPv6, IPv4 ki jagah le raha hai.
Khud karke dekho: ping
- Laptop pe Command Prompt kholo.
- Likho: ping google.com
- Enter dabao.
Pinging google.com [192.178.177.100] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.178.177.100: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=113
- Bracket ke andar wala number us server ka IP address hai.
- "Reply from" ka matlab server ne jawab diya.
- "time" batata hai jawab aane mein kitna samay laga.
Maine dobara chalaya to doosra number aaya (192.178.177.139). Ek website ke peeche kai servers ho sakte hain, isliye tumhara number mere se alag aa sakta hai.
Aam sawaal
WiFi badalne par IP kyun badal jaata hai?
Kyunki address tab milta hai jab computer kisi network se judta hai. Naya network, to naya address mil sakta hai.
Kya mujhe IP address yaad rakhne chahiye?
Nahi. Isi kaam ke liye domain name aur DNS bane hain.
Mera ping wala number alag kyun hai?
Ek website ke peeche kai servers ho sakte hain, aur IP address badal bhi sakte hain. Alag number aana normal hai.
- IP address = internet ka flat number.
- Domain name = phonebook ka contact.
- DNS = naam se number dhoondhne wala.
- ping google.com = khud dekho.